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GMAT Examination
GMAT
The GMAT CAT, introduced in 1997, is available year-round in hundreds of locations around the world. The CAT requires only minimal computer skills.
In the CAT, the computer screen displays one question at a time, chosen from a very large pool of questions organized by their content and level of difficulty. The first question in a computer-adaptive test is always of medium difficulty. The questions that follow are determined by your responses to all previous questions.
The CAT adjusts to your ability level - you’ll get few questions that are either too easy or too difficult. You must enter an answer for each question, and you may not return to or change your response to any previously answered question. If you guess or answer a question incorrectly by mistake, your answers to the questions that follow will lead you back to the questions that are the appropriate level of difficulty for you.
The Structure of the GMAT
The structure of the computerized GMAT is the following:
Verbal section
41 questions
75 minutes
Quantitative section
37 questions
75 minutes
Analytical Writing section
2 essays
30 minutes
Pay attention to where you are in the test, the number of questions that remain in a section, and the amount of time you have left. On average, you have about 1 3/4 minutes for each verbal question and 2 minutes for each quantitative question. If you don’t know the answer to a question, or it’s too time-consuming, guess. You can’t skip a question and go back to it, or change your answer once you have moved on to the next question.
Visit the official website www.gmat.org for a more detailed analysis.
SCORING
Scoring methodology for the GMAT as well as the GRE computer adaptive tests is much the same.
The CAT gives varying weights to the questions. Each CAT question is added to provide a raw score, which is converted into a scaled score. On the GRE,for example, scaled scores range from 200-800 on each of the three sections (Quantitative, Verbal, and Analytical). A CAT gives each correct question a different point value. The same is true for the GMAT
The questions are divided into three roughly equal part. The first part of the questions in any section is weighted the most. This means that the first part of the questions determines the bulk of the scaled score. The second part accounts for a lesser amount of the scaled score, and the last part counts for a relatively insignificant amount of the overall score.
A section will begin with an "average-level" question say scaled score of 500, which is an average GRE score. If one gets this question right, the scaled score could increase by almost 80 points; if one gets this question wrong, the scaled score could decrease by almost 80 points. So the first group of questions attempts to find out the range of a persons competence.
Let us take a case in point. If you get three questions in a row correct, your score moves to roughly 740. Then you get one wrong. Assuming this would be a more difficult question, your score remains at 740 and you are given a question of difficulty level corresponding to 740. Getting this wrong will get you a question of difficulty level corresponding to 660 .Getting this right will now point to your score range between 660 and 740.
The questions that follow will now range between the given scores so to zero down exactly on your competence level score.
In short, first, along with getting a question right or wrong, the level of difficulty of the next question will change. A correct answer "rewards" you with a harder question; an incorrect answer "rewards" you with an easier question. . There are a significant number of experimental questions sprinkled in as well, and the experimental questions do not factor into your score.
You are required to answer all Questions. You will be penalized for leaving questions unanswered.
Be cautious. You want to be sure about accuracy on early questions, and worry less about getting to the last questions in a section. Remember, later questions have a progressively smaller impact on your overall score, but you need to answer all of them. If you are pressed for time, guess. Just don't leave any questions unanswered.
GMAT Question Types
Verbal Ability Section
Reading Comprehension
· The basic structure of a Reading Comprehension section consists of a passage followed by some questions based upon the passage. Reading Comprehension is a test of how well a student understands a written passage. Though some would like to believe that it is a test of how fast one can read, it is not a test of speed-reading. The questions are meant to test the depth of understanding. Following passage and questions are an example of reading comprehension :
Passage : Despite the many cultural and political differences among nations, the objectives and curriculum at least of elementary education tend to be similar. Nearly all nations are officially committed to mass education, which is viewed as eventually including a full elementary education for all. An increasing agreement may therefore be found among nations to the effect that preparation for citizenship is one of the major objectives of elementary education. In terms of curriculum, this objective suggests an emphasis on language competence, arithmetic skills, and basic social studies and science. The proportion of school time devoted to each of these areas may vary from nation to nation, but taken as a whole, they typically comprise the bulk of the curriculum.
Some observers viewing the less developed nations have suggested that such a curriculum does not cover enough ground and that community or vocational skills should be included. Many innovations in this direction have been attempted. Local crafts are taught in the basic schools of India, for example; agriculture has been introduced in some of the primary schools of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania; and introductory skills in wood and metalworking are included in the curriculum of mainland China. The specific reasons for teaching hand skills in the elementary school vary from nation to nation. In a few nations, such teaching is viewed as providing vocational or pre-vocational skills; in some nations it is hoped that the products of the children's work will be marketable and hence defray the expenses of schooling; and in still other nations handwork is seen as a way of instilling an appreciation for labour. Some parents have voiced objections to these changes, however, and students who fear that the introduction of "practical" subjects may lessen the possibility of entrance to secondary schools a widely held pupil aspiration.
Perhaps more experimentation and innovation in curriculum and teaching methods have taken place at the elementary level than in secondary education. In the more progressive schools throughout the world, attempts are being made to synthesise subjects previously taught separately. Examples of this are efforts to combine reading with literature and history with geography. In North America and Western Europe, innovation such as team teaching, the use of more teachers' aides or clerks, and the establishment of ungraded schools have been tried. most significant and pervasive, however, has been the widespread and growing acceptance of the principle that elementary education should focus on activity and experience as well as on subject matter. This principle as yet is reflected only in some of the elementary schools of a few nations, but may well lead to a world-wide movement involving more informality in the learning environment, more student-initiated projects, and a greater variety in the content of elementary schooling.
Q1.The author implies that
(a) vocational training is likely
(b) it is desirable to have a common for elementary education developing countries
(c) all countries tend to emphasise secondary and collegiate education at expense of elementary education
(d) elementary education should not confine itself to teaching to theoretical subjects alone, but should also teach crafts and skills
(e) none of the above
Critical Reasoning
E.g.. Which of the following best completes the argument below?
One effect of the introduction of the refrigerator was a collapse in the market for ice. Formerly householders had bought ice to keep their iceboxes cool and the food stored in the iceboxes fresh. Now the iceboxes cool themselves. Similarly the introduction of crops genetically engineered to be resistant to pests will.......................
a) increase the size of crop harvests
b) increase the cost of seeds
c) reduce demand for chemical pesticides
d) reduce the value of farmland
e) reduce the number of farmers keeping livestock
Sentence correction
This question tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. It tests grammar, choice of words and sentence construction.
E.g.. As researchers continue to probe the highly expressive vocal and postural language of wolves, their close resemblance to dogs has become ever more striking.
a) their close resemblance to dogs has become
b) the closeness of their resemblance to dos has become
c) the close resemblance between them and dogs has become
d) the close resemblance between wolves and dogs becomes
e) the close resemblance of wolves with dogs becomes
Quantitative Ability Section
Data Sufficiency
As the name Data Sufficiency implies, the task is to determine whether or not information is sufficient to answer the question asked. The typical directions are :
The problems below contain a question and two statements giving certain data. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements is sufficient for answering the question. The correct answer is
A. If statement (I) alone is sufficient but statement (II) alone is not sufficient.
B. If statement (II) alone is sufficient but statement (I) alone is not sufficient.
C. If both statement (I) and (II) together are sufficient but neither statement alone is sufficient.
D. If each statement alone is sufficient.
E. If statement (I) and (II) together are not sufficient.
Eg :
Is Shankar older than Ganesh?
(I) Kartik is four years younger than Shankar is and two years younger than Ganesh.
(II)The average of Shankar’s age in years and Ganesh’s age in years is 17
Ans. (A)
Problem Solving
This sections deals with basic principles of arithmetic, algebra, and geometry.
Eg.
A man can row three quarters of a kilometre against the current in 11 1/4 minutes and returns in 7 1/2 minutes. Find the speed of man in still water.
A. 4.2 kmph B. 5 kmph C. 5.5 kmph D. 6 kmph E. noneof these
Ans. (B)
Analytical Writing Section
Analysis of an Issue
An issue is presented and you will need to analyze the issue and explain your views on it. The examiners will consider how well you
· Organise, develop and express your ideas about the issue presented
· Provide relevant supporting reasons and examples
· Control the elements of standard written English
Analysis of an Argument
In this section, you will be asked to write a critique of the argument presented. You are not being asked to present your own views on that subject. The examiners will consider how well you
· Organise, develop and express your ideas about the argument presented
· Provide relevant supporting reasons and examples
· Control the elements of standard written English
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